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MCAT 1B · Bio/Biochem

DNA, Genetic Information and Gene Expression

488 original Anki flashcards, a 10-page illustrated study guide, a 3-page cheat sheet and 55 practice questions for MCAT content category 1B.

What is inside

  • deck.apkg488 original Anki flashcards (263 short answer, 75 multiple choice, 68 cloze, 68 true/false, 14 image occlusion), 29 original diagrams
  • guide.pdf10-page illustrated study guide that explains the ideas
  • cheatsheet.pdf3 printable pages, US Letter at 100 percent
  • questions.pdf55 original MCAT-style practice questions with explanations, including 3 passage-based sets
  • README.txtimport steps
  • 263 short answer
  • 75 multiple choice
  • 68 cloze
  • 68 true/false
  • 14 image occlusion

Topics (34)

  • 01NuNucleotide structure and nomenclature
  • 02DnDNA double helix and base pairing
  • 03DnDNA denaturation and melting temperature
  • 04ChChromatin, histones and nucleosomes
  • 05HeHeterochromatin versus euchromatin
  • 06TeTelomeres and centromeres
  • 07SeSemiconservative DNA replication
  • 08ReReplication enzymes: helicase, primase, polymerases, ligase
  • 09LeLeading and lagging strands, Okazaki fragments
  • 10PrProkaryotic versus eukaryotic replication
  • 11MuMutation types: point, frameshift, chromosomal
  • 12MuMutagens and DNA damage
  • 13DnDNA repair: mismatch, base excision, nucleotide excision, double-strand break
  • 14OnOncogenes and tumor suppressors
  • 15GeGenetic code properties and codon table use
  • 16RnRNA types: mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, regulatory RNAs
  • 17TrTranscription: RNA polymerases, promoters, termination
  • 18PoPost-transcriptional processing: cap, tail, splicing
  • 19AlAlternative splicing
  • 20TrTranslation: initiation, elongation, termination
  • 21RiRibosome structure and tRNA charging
  • 22PoPost-translational modifications and protein targeting
  • 23OpOperon regulation: lac and trp
  • 24EuEukaryotic transcription factors, enhancers and silencers
  • 25EpEpigenetics: DNA methylation and histone modification
  • 26NoNoncoding RNA regulation and RNA interference
  • 27ReRecombinant DNA and cloning vectors
  • 28ReRestriction enzymes
  • 29PcPCR
  • 30GeGel electrophoresis and blotting (Southern, Northern, Western)
  • 31DnDNA sequencing
  • 32CdcDNA libraries and gene expression analysis
  • 33TrTransgenics, knockouts and CRISPR
  • 34StStem cells and biotechnology ethics

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Previews

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Sample card (answer side)
Sample card (answer side)
Sample card (answer side)
Sample card (answer side)
Cheat sheet, page 1 (partial preview)
Cheat sheet, page 2 (partial preview)
Study guide, page 1 (partial preview)
Study guide, page 2 (partial preview)

Try it · sample practice questions

Five questions from the pack.

0 of 5 answered

Q1Two DNA duplexes of equal length have melting temperatures of 85 C and 72 C. The higher Tm sample most likely has

D. G-C pairs have three hydrogen bonds and stack more strongly, so more G-C raises Tm. More A-T lowers Tm, nicks do not raise stability, and lower salt would lower Tm by increasing phosphate repulsion.

Q2Why do human chromosomes need many replication origins?

C. At about 50 nt/s, a single origin could not copy hundreds of millions of base pairs in S phase, so many origins fire in parallel. Human chromosomes are linear, and origins fire once per cycle because of licensing.

Q3The template strand of a gene is 3'-TACGTTAA-5'. What is the mRNA?

C. RNA pairs antiparallel with the template and uses U for T: 5'-AUGCAAUU-3'. The first option copies the template, the second contains T, and the last is written in the wrong direction.

Q4A mutant activator keeps its DNA-binding domain but lacks its activation domain. In the cell it would most likely

D. The DNA-binding domain still docks on the enhancer, but without the activation domain it cannot recruit coactivators. It can even compete with the normal activator.

Q5In a Sanger reaction the ddNTP to dNTP ratio is increased tenfold. The fragments will

C. A higher ddNTP fraction terminates chains earlier, producing shorter fragments. Lower ddNTP would give longer fragments, and termination still occurs at multiple positions.

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