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MCAT 1D · Bio/Biochem

Metabolism and Bioenergetics

450 original Anki flashcards, an 11-page illustrated study guide, a 3-page cheat sheet and 57 practice questions for MCAT content category 1D.

What is inside

  • deck.apkg450 original Anki flashcards (230 short answer, 74 multiple choice, 76 cloze, 63 true/false, 7 image occlusion), 26 original diagrams
  • guide.pdf11-page illustrated study guide that explains the ideas
  • cheatsheet.pdf3 printable pages, US Letter at 100 percent
  • questions.pdf57 original MCAT-style practice questions with explanations, including 3 passage-based sets
  • README.txtimport steps
  • 230 short answer
  • 74 multiple choice
  • 76 cloze
  • 63 true/false
  • 7 image occlusion

Topics (30)

  • 01BiBioenergetics: free energy, coupling, ATP as energy currency
  • 02ReRedox carriers: NAD+, FAD, NADP+
  • 03GlGlucose transport (GLUT family) and uptake
  • 04GlGlycolysis steps and regulated enzymes
  • 05FeFermentation: lactate and ethanol
  • 06GlGluconeogenesis and bypass reactions
  • 07PePentose phosphate pathway
  • 08PyPyruvate dehydrogenase complex
  • 09CiCitric acid cycle steps, products and regulation
  • 10ElElectron transport chain complexes
  • 11ChChemiosmosis and ATP synthase
  • 12UnUncouplers and ETC inhibitors
  • 13AtATP yield accounting and shuttles
  • 14GlGlycogenesis and glycogenolysis
  • 15GlGlycogen regulation by hormones
  • 16FaFatty acid structure and digestion
  • 17FaFatty acid synthesis
  • 18BeBeta oxidation (even, odd, unsaturated)
  • 19KeKetone body synthesis and use
  • 20ChCholesterol synthesis and regulation
  • 21LiLipoproteins and lipid transport
  • 22PrProtein catabolism and the urea cycle
  • 23TrTransamination and amino acid carbon skeletons
  • 24GlGlucogenic versus ketogenic amino acids
  • 25HoHormonal regulation: insulin, glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol
  • 26FeFed, fasting and starvation states
  • 27TiTissue-specific metabolism: liver, muscle, brain, adipose
  • 28ThThyroid hormone and metabolic rate
  • 29BoBody mass regulation: leptin and ghrelin
  • 30InIntegration of metabolism across organs

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Sample card (answer side)
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Cheat sheet, page 1 (partial preview)
Cheat sheet, page 2 (partial preview)
Study guide, page 1 (partial preview)
Study guide, page 2 (partial preview)

Try it · sample practice questions

Five questions from the pack.

0 of 5 answered

Q1A reaction has a standard delta G of +4.2 kcal/mol. It is coupled to ATP hydrolysis (-7.3 kcal/mol). What is the delta G of the coupled reaction?

D. Coupled reactions add: +4.2 + (-7.3) = -3.1 kcal/mol, so it is favorable. +11.5 and -11.5 result from adding magnitudes with the wrong signs, and +3.1 flips the sign of the sum.

Q2How many high-energy phosphate bonds are consumed to make one glucose from two pyruvate?

C. Two pyruvate carboxylase steps use 2 ATP, two PEPCK steps use 2 GTP, and two phosphoglycerate kinase steps in reverse use 2 ATP, totaling 6 (4 ATP and 2 GTP).

Q3A child has hepatomegaly and fasting hypoglycemia, and glycogen has a normal structure. Which enzyme is the most likely defect?

D. G6Pase deficiency (von Gierke) causes hypoglycemia with massive hepatomegaly and normal glycogen structure. Branching enzyme gives abnormal structure, Pompe affects lysosomes and the heart, and muscle phosphorylase affects muscle only.

Q4A patient on a statin has a markedly lower hepatic cholesterol synthesis rate. Which compensatory change is expected?

C. Low sterol activates SREBP-2 processing, which raises LDL receptor expression and clears more LDL from plasma, lowering LDL. Reductase transcription rises, not falls, and SREBP-2 processing increases rather than decreases.

Q5A person has fasted for 5 days. Compared with day 1, which change is expected?

D. By day 5 ketones are the major brain fuel, and nitrogen loss is reduced. Liver glycogen is gone, ketones are high, and insulin is low.

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